The 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is a fascinating and highly collectible gold coin minted during an era when the New Orleans Mint was at its peak of operation. As part of the Liberty Head series, which ran from 1840 to 1907, this coin carries significant historical and numismatic value. Whether you are a seasoned collector or a numismatic enthusiast, the 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle stands out as a prized addition to any collection.
Historical Background
The Liberty Head Quarter Eagle was designed by the legendary U.S. Mint Chief Engraver Christian Gobrecht. Known for his contributions to American coinage, Gobrecht’s design for the Quarter Eagle features a classic portrait of Liberty that epitomizes mid-19th-century elegance.
The 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle was struck at the New Orleans Mint, one of the few branch mints operating at the time. Established in 1838, the New Orleans Mint served a critical role in producing coinage for the growing U.S. economy, particularly in the South. Coins minted in New Orleans are identified by their “O” mintmark, which appears just below the eagle on the reverse.
Design Features
The obverse of the 1845-O Quarter Eagle features a left-facing portrait of Lady Liberty, wearing a coronet inscribed with the word “LIBERTY.” Thirteen stars surround Liberty, representing the original colonies, with the date of issuance, 1845, below.
The reverse displays a heraldic eagle clutching arrows and an olive branch, symbolizing strength and peace. The eagle is crowned with a shield and surrounded by the inscriptions “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and the denomination “2 ½ D.” The distinctive “O” mintmark beneath the eagle is a hallmark of its New Orleans origin.
Mintage and Rarity
The 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle had a total mintage of 36,100 coins, making it relatively scarce. However, survival rates for early gold coins are typically low due to melting and circulation wear. As a result, this coin is considered rare, especially in higher grades.
In circulated condition, the 1845-O is attainable for collectors, but finding well-preserved examples can be a challenge. Coins graded AU50 (About Uncirculated) or higher are highly sought after, while Mint State (MS) examples are exceedingly rare and command premium prices.
Value and Market Trends
The value of the 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle varies significantly depending on its condition.
- Good to Fine: Prices typically range from $450 to $800.
- Very Fine to Extremely Fine: Values climb to $1,500 to $2,500.
- About Uncirculated (AU): These coins can fetch $5,000 to $8,000 or more.
- Mint State (MS): Rare examples in Mint State grades often exceed $20,000, with particularly high-quality coins commanding even higher premiums.
Factors such as original luster, strike quality, and eye appeal greatly influence the coin’s value.
Collecting Tips
- Authenticate Your Purchase: Due to the coin’s rarity and value, ensure it is authenticated by a reputable grading service such as PCGS or NGC.
- Focus on Eye Appeal: Look for coins with minimal wear and strong details, especially in Liberty’s hair and the eagle’s feathers.
- Handle with Care: Gold coins are soft and easily damaged. Store your 1845-O Quarter Eagle in a protective holder and avoid unnecessary handling.
Conclusion
The 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is a remarkable piece of American history and a true gem for collectors. Its low mintage, New Orleans Mint origin, and timeless design make it a coveted addition to any numismatic portfolio. Whether you’re drawn to its historical significance or its rarity, this coin is a testament to the artistry and craftsmanship of 19th-century U.S. coinage.
FAQs
1. How rare is the 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle?
With a mintage of only 36,100 and low survival rates, the 1845-O is considered a rare coin, especially in higher grades.
2. What is the value of an 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle?
Values range from $450 for heavily circulated examples to over $20,000 for Mint State coins.
3. What makes the 1845-O Liberty Head Quarter Eagle special?
Its low mintage, New Orleans Mint origin, and elegant design by Christian Gobrecht contribute to its desirability among collectors.