The 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is one of the most fascinating coins from the Dahlonega Mint, a short-lived U.S. Mint facility that operated from 1838 to 1861. Known for producing gold coins primarily from Georgia’s rich gold deposits, Dahlonega Mint coins hold a special allure for collectors. The 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle ($2.50 gold coin) is a particularly notable issue for its low mintage, distinct design, and ties to U.S. history. This guide will walk you through the history, design, rarity, and value of this collectible coin.
History of the 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle
The Dahlonega Mint in Georgia played a crucial role in minting coins from Southern gold deposits during the mid-19th century. Among the coins it struck, the Liberty Head Quarter Eagles stand out for their historical significance and limited production. Designed by Christian Gobrecht, the Liberty Head design debuted in 1840 and remained on quarter eagles until 1907.
Design and Specifications
The 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle follows the traditional design of the Liberty Head series:
- Obverse Design: The obverse features a left-facing profile of Lady Liberty, adorned with a coronet inscribed with “LIBERTY.” Surrounding her image are thirteen stars, representing the original colonies, and the year of mintage, “1846,” placed beneath her neck.
- Reverse Design: The reverse displays a majestic bald eagle with a shield on its chest. The eagle holds an olive branch in its right talon and arrows in its left, symbolizing peace and readiness for defense. Surrounding the eagle is the inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,” along with the denomination “2 1/2 D.” The mintmark “D,” indicating the Dahlonega Mint, is placed just above the denomination.
The coin is made of 90% gold and 10% copper, weighs 4.18 grams, and has a diameter of 18 millimeters.
Rarity and Grading
The 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is classified as a rare coin, especially in higher grades. Many of these coins were heavily circulated in the South, leaving fewer examples in mint state. Collectors often find specimens in grades ranging from Very Fine (VF) to Extremely Fine (XF), but coins in Mint State (MS) are exceptionally rare and highly sought after.
Value and Market Trends
The value of the 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle varies widely depending on its condition:
- VF-20 to XF-40: $3,000 to $6,000
- AU-50 to AU-58: $8,000 to $15,000
- MS-60 and Above: $25,000 or more
Coins with original surfaces, strong strikes, and minimal wear tend to achieve the highest prices. As interest in pre-Civil War gold coins and Dahlonega Mint issues continues to grow, the 1846-D remains a solid investment.
Collecting the 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle
When collecting the 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle, keep the following tips in mind:
- Authentication: Due to its value, counterfeit coins and altered examples exist. Ensure that the coin is authenticated and graded by a reputable service like PCGS or NGC.
- Focus on Quality: While circulated coins are more affordable, paying a premium for a higher-grade example can significantly increase the coin’s long-term value and appeal.
- Historical Context: Dahlonega Mint coins hold a unique place in U.S. history, making them highly collectible. Owning an 1846-D is like holding a piece of Southern gold rush history.
Conclusion
The 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is a stunning representation of mid-19th century American coinage and a testament to the craftsmanship of the short-lived Dahlonega Mint. Its rarity, historical significance, and enduring appeal make it a must-have for collectors specializing in pre-Civil War gold coins or Southern Mint issues. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or new to numismatics, the 1846-D is an investment worth considering for its historical and financial value.
FAQs
1. How rare is the 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle?
The 1846-D is extremely rare, with only about 250-300 examples surviving today. Its limited mintage and Southern origins add to its appeal.
2. What is the value of an 1846-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle?
Prices range from $3,000 for lower-grade examples to over $25,000 for coins in mint state condition.
3. Why are Dahlonega Mint coins so collectible?
Dahlonega Mint coins were struck in limited numbers using locally sourced gold, and their historical significance makes them highly desirable among collectors.