1913 Indian Head Half Eagle: A Collector’s Guide

The 1913 Indian Head Half Eagle is one of the most iconic gold coins produced by the United States Mint. Designed by the acclaimed sculptor Bela Lyon Pratt, the Indian Head Half Eagle ($5 gold coin) represents a unique departure from traditional coin designs of its era. Minted from 1908 to 1929, the Indian Head Half Eagle remains a favorite among collectors due to its innovative incuse design, historical significance, and gold content.

The Design: An Innovative Breakthrough

The Indian Head Half Eagle is unique because of its incuse design, where the coin’s main features are recessed below the surface instead of raised. This innovative style makes it stand out from other U.S. coins. Bela Lyon Pratt’s design was both groundbreaking and controversial at the time of its introduction.

• Obverse (Front): The obverse features a left-facing portrait of a Native American chief wearing a feathered headdress. Above the portrait are the word “LIBERTY” and a string of 13 stars representing the original colonies. The year “1913” is engraved below.
• Reverse (Back): The reverse shows a proud eagle perched on a bundle of arrows and an olive branch, symbolizing strength and peace. Surrounding the eagle are the inscriptions “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,” “E PLURIBUS UNUM,” and “IN GOD WE TRUST.” The denomination, “$5,” is prominently displayed beneath the eagle.

This innovative design was a departure from the more classical motifs of the earlier Liberty Head series, and it paved the way for modern coin artistry.

Historical Context

The 1913 Indian Head Half Eagle was minted during a time of economic growth and rising confidence in the U.S. economy. It was produced at three mints:

• Philadelphia (no mintmark)
• Denver (D mintmark)
• San Francisco (S mintmark)

The Denver and San Francisco issues are scarcer than the Philadelphia strikes, making them more desirable to collectors.

Mintage and Specifications

The total mintage of 1913 Indian Head Half Eagles was 915,901 coins across all three mints. Individual mintages are as follows:

• Philadelphia: 416,000
• Denver: 300,000
• San Francisco: 199,100

The coin’s key specifications include:

• Composition: 90% gold, 10% copper
• Weight: 8.359 grams
• Diameter: 21.6 mm
• Edge: Reeded

Value and Collectibility

The 1913 Indian Head Half Eagle is prized by collectors for its design and historical significance. Its value depends on factors such as condition, mintmark, and rarity. Coins graded in higher conditions by services like PCGS or NGC can fetch premium prices.

• Circulated examples in grades like VF-20 to EF-40 generally sell for $550 to $700, depending on the mintmark.
• Mint State (MS-60 to MS-63) examples can command prices ranging from $1,000 to $2,500.
• High-grade examples in MS-65 or higher are exceedingly rare and may sell for upwards of $10,000.

Collectors particularly value the Denver and San Francisco issues due to their lower mintages.

Tips for Collectors

1. Verify Authenticity: Because of its gold content, the Indian Head Half Eagle has been a target for counterfeiting. Always buy from reputable dealers and consider coins certified by PCGS or NGC.
2. Preserve Condition: Store your coins in protective holders or certified slabs to prevent wear and tarnishing. Avoid handling coins directly, as oils from your fingers can damage the surface.
3. Focus on Eye Appeal: Coins with strong strikes, minimal marks, and attractive luster often command higher prices.

Conclusion

The 1913 Indian Head Half Eagle is a gem of American numismatics. Its innovative design, historical significance, and intrinsic value make it a must-have for any serious coin collector. Whether you’re building a complete set of Indian Head Half Eagles or seeking a standout piece for your collection, the 1913 edition offers a fascinating glimpse into U.S. history and artistry.

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