The 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is an important coin in American numismatic history. Struck in 1840 at the Dahlonega Mint in Georgia, this coin is part of the Liberty Head series, which ran from 1839 to 1907. The 1840-D is particularly significant because it marks a rare issue of the quarter eagle, a $2.50 denomination, from the Dahlonega Mint. As a result, it is a highly prized collectible for those interested in early U.S. gold coins and the history of the Southern branch mints.
History and Background
The Dahlonega Mint, which opened in 1838, was established primarily to process gold mined in the southern Appalachian region. The mint produced various gold denominations, including the Liberty Head Quarter Eagle, which was struck from 1839 to 1861. The coin was designed by Christian Gobrecht, who also designed other coins in the Liberty Head series.
Design Overview
The 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle features the classic Liberty Head design, which was used for a variety of U.S. gold coins. The design elements are as follows:
- Obverse (Front): The obverse features a left-facing portrait of Lady Liberty, wearing a coronet inscribed with the word “LIBERTY.” Surrounding her are thirteen stars, representing the original colonies, and the year “1840” is displayed at the bottom. The inscription “LIBERTY” appears above her head, symbolizing freedom.
- Reverse (Back): The reverse design features an eagle with its wings spread, holding an olive branch and arrows in its talons, symbolizing peace and strength. The words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “$2.50” (the coin’s denomination) encircle the eagle, with the word “DOLLAR” appearing at the bottom.
Mintage and Specifications
The mintage of the 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle was 15,601 coins. This relatively small mintage, combined with the fact that many coins from the Dahlonega Mint were either lost or melted down, makes this coin quite rare and valuable.
Key specifications for the 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle include:
- Composition: 90% gold, 10% copper
- Weight: 4.18 grams
- Diameter: 20 mm
- Edge: Reeded
Value and Collectibility
The 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is a highly sought-after coin due to its rarity, historical significance, and connection to the Dahlonega Mint. As with many coins from the Dahlonega Mint, the condition of the coin plays a significant role in its value. In terms of grading:
- Coins in Good (G-4) or Very Good (VG-8) condition can be valued between $4,000 to $5,000.
- Higher-grade examples in Fine (F-12) or Extremely Fine (EF-40) condition may range between $6,000 and $10,000.
- Coins that achieve Uncirculated (MS-60 or higher) grades can exceed $15,000 or more, depending on rarity and desirability.
Tips for Collectors
- Authentication: Always purchase 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagles from reputable dealers, and consider getting them certified by a respected grading service like PCGS or NGC for added security and value.
- Storage: To preserve the condition of your coin, store it in a protective holder such as a slab or airtight container. Proper handling and storage will prevent wear and tarnish.
- Provenance: If possible, collect information about the coin’s previous ownership. Coins with notable provenance can be more valuable.
Conclusion
The 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle is a prized coin for collectors of U.S. gold coins, particularly those interested in Southern mintmarks and early American coinage. Its historical significance, coupled with its rarity and unique design, make it a must-have for serious numismatists. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just starting your journey into the world of U.S. gold coins, the 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle offers an excellent opportunity to acquire a piece of American history.
FAQs
1. Why is the 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle so valuable?
The coin is valuable due to its low mintage, historical significance, and rarity. As a product of the Dahlonega Mint, it is highly sought after by collectors.
2. How much is the 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle worth?
Depending on its condition, the coin can range from $4,000 to $15,000 or more, with uncirculated examples reaching even higher values.
3. How should I store my 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle?
To preserve the coin’s condition, store it in a protective holder or certified slab to prevent damage from handling or environmental factors.