In the mid-19th century, the United States Mint underwent significant design transitions for its coinage, particularly the large cent. A pivotal moment in this evolution was the creation of the engraved pattern “Mature Head” cent design model, attributed to Chief Engraver Christian Gobrecht. This design served as a bridge between earlier motifs and the more refined aesthetics of later coinage.
Background: The Need for Redesign
By the late 1830s, the existing Matron Head design, introduced in 1816, was deemed outdated. In 1839, Gobrecht introduced the “Petite Head” or “Braided Hair” design, featuring a more youthful depiction of Liberty. However, further refinements led to the development of the “Mature Head” design in 1843, which presented a more dignified and mature portrayal of Liberty.
The Engraved Pattern Design Model
The engraved pattern “Mature Head” cent design model is a unique artifact that provides insight into Gobrecht’s design process. This model is believed to be an 1843 Proof Petite Head large cent that was meticulously engraved to outline the forthcoming Mature Head design. The engraving showcases a slightly wider portrait of Liberty, a subtle clockwise rotation of the bust relative to the date and stars, broader reverse lettering, and a narrower wreath.
Significance of the Engraved Model
This engraved model is significant for several reasons:
- Design Evolution: It illustrates the transition from the Petite Head to the Mature Head design, highlighting the Mint’s efforts to modernize coinage aesthetics.
- Engraving Precision: The detailed engraving reflects the meticulous craftsmanship of the era and provides a tangible connection to Gobrecht’s artistic vision.
- Historical Artifact: As a unique piece, it offers scholars and collectors a rare glimpse into the design modifications considered by the Mint during a period of significant change.
Conclusion
The engraved pattern “Mature Head” cent design model stands as a testament to the United States Mint’s dedication to refining its coinage and the artistic contributions of Christian Gobrecht. This artifact not only marks a specific design transition but also encapsulates a broader narrative of innovation and aesthetic development in American numismatics.
FAQs
What is the engraved pattern “Mature Head” cent design model?
It is a modified 1843 Proof Petite Head large cent that was hand-engraved to outline design changes leading to the Mature Head cent.
Who designed the Mature Head cent?
The design was refined by Christian Gobrecht, the Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint, as part of a broader effort to modernize coinage.
Why is this engraved pattern cent important?
It provides a rare glimpse into the Mint’s design evolution, showing the transition from earlier Liberty portraits to a more mature and refined depiction.