The 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar is a fascinating coin that commemorates the 100th anniversary of Alabama’s admission to the Union. As the first U.S. commemorative coin to feature the portrait of a living person, it holds a special place in numismatic history. Its rarity, unique design, and historical significance make it a prized piece for collectors of classic commemorative coins.
Historical Background
The Alabama Centennial Half Dollar was authorized by Congress in 1920 to celebrate Alabama’s centennial as a state, which occurred on December 14, 1919. Designed by Laura Gardin Fraser, one of the most accomplished female sculptors of the era, the coin was issued in 1921, with a total mintage of just 35,000 coins. Of those, 6,006 coins were struck with a small “2×2” symbol on the obverse to denote Alabama’s status as the 22nd state. These “2×2” coins are especially rare and highly sought after.
The coins were sold for $1 each by the Alabama Centennial Commission to raise funds for the state’s centennial celebrations. Most of the coins were distributed within Alabama, making high-grade examples even rarer, as many were handled or used as souvenirs rather than being preserved.
Design and Specifications
The 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar features a dual-portrait obverse, an innovative design for its time. It depicts William Wyatt Bibb, Alabama’s first governor, alongside Thomas E. Kilby, the state’s governor in 1921. This marked the first instance of a living person (Governor Kilby) being depicted on a U.S. coin. The inclusion of Bibb and Kilby symbolizes the continuity of Alabama’s leadership from its founding to its centennial celebration.
The reverse of the coin showcases an adaptation of the Alabama state seal, which includes an eagle with outstretched wings perched on a shield. The shield bears the inscriptions of significant rivers within the state, reflecting Alabama’s rich natural resources and waterways.
Rarity and Value
The Alabama Centennial Half Dollar is a rare and valuable piece, particularly in uncirculated grades. The “2×2” variety is especially scarce, with a premium placed on coins with strong details and minimal wear. Standard 1921 Alabama Half Dollars in XF (Extremely Fine) condition typically sell for $300 to $500, while AU (About Uncirculated) examples can fetch $700 to $1,000. Uncirculated coins (MS60 or higher) range from $1,500 to $2,500, with MS65 specimens reaching prices of $5,000 or more. The “2×2” variety commands significantly higher premiums, often exceeding $10,000 in top grades.
Collecting Tips
When collecting the 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar, authenticity and quality are key. Many lower-grade coins have been cleaned or improperly handled over the years, which can diminish their value. Look for coins certified by professional grading services like PCGS or NGC, as these certifications guarantee authenticity and grade.
Collectors should also pay attention to strike quality, especially on the “2×2” variety, as these coins often exhibit weakness in the finer details. Coins with a strong, even strike and attractive toning will always command higher premiums.
Conclusion
The 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar is more than just a coin—it’s a piece of American history and artistry. Its unique design, low mintage, and historical context make it an exceptional addition to any numismatic collection. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a newcomer, this coin is a testament to the rich heritage of both Alabama and U.S. commemorative coinage.
FAQs
1. What makes the 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar unique?
This coin is the first U.S. commemorative coin to feature the portrait of a living person, Governor Thomas E. Kilby, alongside Alabama’s first governor, William Wyatt Bibb. Additionally, the “2×2” variety is especially rare and desirable.
2. How much is a 1921 Alabama Centennial Half Dollar worth?
The value depends on condition and variety. Standard coins in XF condition range from $300 to $500, while uncirculated examples can sell for $1,500 to $2,500. The rare “2×2” variety can exceed $10,000 in top grades.
3. How can I identify the “2×2” variety of the Alabama Centennial Half Dollar?
The “2×2” variety features a small “2×2” inscription above the dual portraits on the obverse. This detail commemorates Alabama’s status as the 22nd state and is a distinguishing feature of this rare variation.