The 2009-P Native American Dollar, featuring the “Three Sisters Agriculture” reverse design, is a notable coin in U.S. numismatics. As the first release in the Native American $1 Coin Program, this coin commemorates an integral part of Native American history and culture. Its unique design and historical significance make it a desirable piece for collectors, particularly those focused on modern dollar coins.
Historical Context of the Native American $1 Coin Program
In 2007, Congress passed the Native American $1 Coin Act, which required the U.S. Mint to produce dollar coins honoring Native American contributions to the history of the United States. These coins were designed to rotate yearly, each featuring a new reverse image celebrating Native American heritage, while retaining the familiar Sacagawea portrait on the obverse.
The inaugural coin of the series, the 2009-P Native American Dollar, pays tribute to the “Three Sisters” agricultural method—corn, beans, and squash—used by many Native American communities for centuries. This companion planting technique not only optimized food production but also showcased their deep understanding of sustainable agriculture.
Design Features
- Obverse: The obverse retains the classic portrait of Sacagawea, designed by Glenna Goodacre, as seen on the Sacagawea dollar since 2000. Sacagawea is depicted carrying her infant son, Jean Baptiste, on her back. Around the portrait are the inscriptions “LIBERTY” and “IN GOD WE TRUST.”
- Reverse: The reverse design, created by Mint sculptor-engraver Norman E. Nemeth, is a striking depiction of the Three Sisters agriculture method. It shows corn, beans, and squash growing together in harmony. The plants are framed by inscriptions that read “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and the denomination “$1.” A Native American-style braided pattern encircles the plants, further emphasizing the cultural roots of the design.
- Edge Lettering: One unique feature of this coin is its incused edge lettering, which includes the year “2009,” the mintmark “P” for the Philadelphia Mint, and the motto “E PLURIBUS UNUM.”
Mintage and Availability
The 2009-P Native American Dollar was struck at the Philadelphia Mint, with a total mintage of 37,100,000 coins. While this figure is relatively high compared to older numismatic issues, the coin remains popular among collectors due to its historical significance and the debut of the Native American $1 Coin Program.
Uncirculated examples are still readily available and affordable, making this coin an excellent starting point for those interested in collecting Native American-themed coins or modern U.S. dollar coins.
Value and Collectibility
The value of the 2009-P Native American Dollar depends on its condition and whether it has been certified by a third-party grading service like PCGS or NGC. Here’s a general breakdown:
- Circulated examples: Face value ($1)
- Uncirculated examples: $2–$5
- MS-65 and above: $10–$15
Proof versions of the coin, struck at the San Francisco Mint, are also available and can command slightly higher premiums.
While the 2009-P Native American Dollar may not hold significant monetary value compared to rare or older coins, its cultural importance and beautiful design make it a must-have for collectors.
Conclusion
As the first coin in the Native American $1 Coin Program, the 2009-P Native American Dollar holds a special place in the series. It represents a pivotal step in honoring Native American history and their vital contributions to U.S. society. Additionally, its unique reverse design sets it apart from the traditional Sacagawea dollar coins that preceded it.
For collectors, it’s an accessible yet meaningful piece that celebrates both art and history. Whether you’re building a complete Native American $1 coin set or adding to a broader modern coin collection, this coin offers cultural depth and aesthetic appeal.
FAQs
What is the significance of the Three Sisters agriculture on the 2009 Native American Dollar?
The Three Sisters—corn, beans, and squash—symbolize sustainable farming techniques used by Native Americans for centuries.
How much is a 2009-P Native American Dollar worth?
Uncirculated examples typically range from $2 to $5, while certified high-grade coins can reach $10 or more.
Where was the 2009-P Native American Dollar minted?
It was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, indicated by the “P” mintmark on the edge of the coin.