Among early American coinage, the 1797 Large Cent holds a special place for collectors due to its historical significance and various die varieties. However, as with many key-date coins, counterfeiters have targeted this issue to deceive unsuspecting buyers. One particularly deceptive example is a dark side struck counterfeit—a fake that mimics the genuine coin’s aged patina and circulation wear, making it difficult to detect.
What Is a Dark Side Struck Counterfeit?
A dark side struck counterfeit is a coin produced using dies or molds that intentionally replicate the look of an aged, circulated, and sometimes corroded coin. Counterfeiters aim to make the piece appear worn but original, allowing it to pass as an authentic early copper cent. The phrase “Live or Memorex?” refers to the challenge of distinguishing a real coin from a well-executed fake—just as an old advertising campaign questioned whether a sound was live or recorded.
Examining the 1797 Large Cent
The 1797 Draped Bust Large Cent is a notable issue, featuring Liberty with flowing hair on the obverse and a wreath on the reverse. This coin is part of the Draped Bust series (1796-1807) and is highly collectible due to its various die pairings and rarity. Genuine 1797 Large Cents were struck in pure copper, and over time, these coins developed a characteristic patina due to oxidation.
How the Counterfeit Was Identified
Expert numismatists detected the counterfeit 1797 Large Cent due to a combination of subtle red flags, including:
- Unusual Surface Texture – The counterfeit had an artificially aged appearance with inconsistent pitting, different from the natural oxidation seen on genuine examples.
- Incorrect Weight and Composition – Authentic 1797 Large Cents typically weigh 10.89 grams, while the counterfeit was slightly off in weight and contained trace elements not found in original early U.S. copper.
- Die Inconsistencies – Close examination under magnification revealed improper spacing of the lettering and date, suggesting that the dies were not from the original U.S. Mint.
- Edge Markings – The edge of the fake displayed irregularities, likely from an improper striking process or casting method.
The Market for Early Copper Counterfeits
Early American copper coins, particularly Draped Bust and Liberty Cap Cents, have been prime targets for counterfeiters for decades. Some of these fakes are produced to deceive collectors, while others were made as contemporary counterfeits—coins struck during the same period for circulation as illicit copies. Regardless of intent, identifying and removing these counterfeits from the market is crucial to maintaining numismatic integrity.
Conclusion
The dark side struck counterfeit 1797 Large Cent serves as a reminder that even the most seasoned collectors must remain vigilant. Whether a coin is “Live or Memorex” can often only be determined through close examination, proper authentication, and sometimes professional grading services like PCGS or NGC. With knowledge and caution, collectors can protect themselves from falling victim to deceptive counterfeits and continue to appreciate the beauty of genuine early American coinage.
FAQs
How can I tell if my 1797 Large Cent is counterfeit?
Look for signs like incorrect weight, artificial aging, die inconsistencies, and unusual edge markings. Professional authentication is recommended.
Why are early copper coins like the 1797 Large Cent commonly counterfeited?
These coins are rare and valuable, making them attractive targets for counterfeiters who attempt to pass off fakes as authentic pieces.
What should I do if I suspect I have a counterfeit coin?
Avoid selling or purchasing it until you have it authenticated by a reputable grading service like PCGS or NGC to ensure its legitimacy.